Osteochondrosis na kashin baya na lumbosacral an fi sani da "sciatica", "ƙananan lumbago", cuta da ke shafar maza da mata a daidai adadin. Osteochondrosis a cikin lumbar da sacral yankin yana cikin wuri na farko a cikin abubuwan da ke haifar da nakasa ko rashin ƙarfi na wucin gadi ga mutum. Cutar ta dogara ne akan lalatawar kashin baya da nakasar su, lalacewar diski na intervertebral, canje-canje a cikin na'urorin ligamentous, pinching da kumburi na jijiyoyi da jini.
Jin zafi a cikin lumbar da sacral yankin yana cikin wuri na farko a cikin abubuwan da ke haifar da nakasu na wucin gadi ko cikakke na mutum.
A matsayinka na mai mulki, lumbar osteochondrosis yana da kwas na yau da kullum tare da lokutan exacerbations da remissions. Dalilan haɓakawa: hypothermia, ɗagawa da ɗaukar (a gaban) abubuwa masu nauyi, damuwa da raunin baya.
Etiology da tsarin ci gaba
Dalilin dalilin da yasa osteochondrosis ke tasowa a cikin yankin lumbar ba a samu cikakke ba. An yi imani da cewa osteochondrosis a cikin wannan yanki na kashin baya ne na multifactorial yanayi. Ƙarin dalilai masu ma'ana na iya zama:
- lodi na yau da kullun.
- Ƙarfafawa na yankin lumbosacral.
- Muscular hypotonia.
Tushen duk dalilai shine madaidaiciyar matsayi; shi ne kasancewa akai-akai a cikin matsayi na tsaye wanda ke sanya matsa lamba da yawa a kan sassan vertebral a kan ƙananan baya da sacrum. Babu wani ɓangare na kashin baya da ke fuskantar irin wannan matsa lamba akan fayafai na intervertebral, ƙasusuwa da haɗin gwiwa. Ƙara zuwa wannan matsananciyar motsi na ƙananan baya, lankwasawa da jujjuyawa akai-akai, ya zama cewa tsokoki, ƙasusuwa, ligaments da guringuntsi a cikin wannan sashin suna fuskantar babban damuwa a duk tsawon rayuwa. Kuma kamar kowane "tsarin rai," kashin baya yana yin kasala ba dade ko ba dade.
Dalilan da ke ba da gudummawa ga ci gaban osteochondrosis:
- Metabolic da endocrine cuta.
- Microtraumas.
- Autoimmune canje-canje.
- Halin Halitta.
- Visceral Sanadin (pathologies na ciki gabobin).
- Rashin haɓakar haɓakar kashin baya.
Binciken da aka yi kwanan nan ya tabbatar da cewa mafi girma kashi (60%) na duk dalilai na ci gaban osteochondrosis na lumbar kashin baya shine saboda gado. Ragowar kashi 40% yana faruwa ne saboda dalilai masu alaƙa:
- Matsayi mara daidai.
- Dauke abubuwa masu nauyi.
- Hormonal canje-canje a cikin jiki.
- Somatic da endocrine cututtuka.
- Rashin wadataccen jini ga kashin baya.
- Shekaru, damuwa.
- Rashin abinci mara kyau mara kyau.
Duk waɗannan abubuwan, waɗanda aka ɗauka tare ko ɗaya ɗaya, sune abubuwan da ke haifar da raguwar fayafai na intervertebral a cikin yankin lumbar. Ƙarshen ma'ana na tsari mai lalacewa wanda da zarar ya fara shine lumbar osteochondrosis.
Mafi sau da yawa, ci gaban osteochondrosis a cikin kashin baya na lumbosacral ana lura da shi a cikin mutanen da aikinsu ya ƙunshi salon rayuwa (ma'aikatan ofis, direbobi). Rashin aiki na jiki ne wanda ke haifar da rauni na corset na muscular na baya, wanda ke nufin cewa ƙarfin goyon baya ya ɓace, wanda ya raunana nauyin da ke kan fayafai na intervertebral da kwarangwal na kashi. Wadanda na biyu a cikin rukunin haɗari sune waɗanda aikinsu ya haɗa da matsananciyar damuwa a baya. Kuma ba lallai ba ne ɗaukar nauyi: zama a tsaye ɗaya na dogon lokaci (likita) ko tafiya ba tare da damar zama ba (mai jiran gado, mai siyarwa) baya barin kashin baya ya huta.
Ci gaban osteochondrosis a cikin kashin baya na lumbosacral ana lura da shi sau da yawa a cikin mutanen da ke da aikin zama.
Matakai da alamun asibiti na pathology
Kamar kowace cuta, osteochondrosis na lumbar kashin baya yana da mataki na farko, na tsakiya da na karshe, kuma kowannensu yana da alamunsa. There are three degrees of the disease, different in terms of signs and complications of the pathological process, and each degree is characterized by its own diagnostic measures and treatment.
Digiri na tsarin pathological:
Osteochondrosis 1st digiri
Mafi sauƙi, matakin farko na cutar. A matsayinka na mai mulki, mutum ba ya kula da bayyanar cututtuka na tasowa osteochondrosis. An yi watsi da shi: ƙananan ciwo da rashin jin daɗi a cikin yankunan lumbar da sacral, wanda ke faruwa a lokacin lanƙwasa, juyawa ko zaune a wuri guda na dogon lokaci. Mataki na 1 baya buƙatar kulawa ta musamman; ya isa ya kawar da dalilin bayyanar cututtuka da kuma yin aikin motsa jiki da kuma tausa. A wasu lokuta, ana amfani da shirye-shirye na waje (gels, creams) ko raunin analgesics. Ba a buƙatar magani mai mahimmanci (kwayoyin, allurai); ana nuna motsa jiki na warkewa don inganta elasticity na ligaments da tsokoki.
Amma kamar yadda alamun bayyanar cututtuka na mataki na 1 ba su da mahimmanci, wannan mataki yana cike da maƙarƙashiya: watsi da ciwo da kuma maganin kai tsaye yana haifar da rikitarwa da ci gaba.
Osteochondrosis 2 digiri
A wannan mataki, sararin samaniya tsakanin vertebrae ya fara raguwa kuma alamun bayyanar cututtuka sun bayyana: rashin jin daɗi na ƙananan ƙafa da ƙuƙwalwa, zafi. Dalilin da yasa mataki na 2 ke tasowa shine lalata zobe na fibrous kuma, a sakamakon haka, ƙwanƙwasa ƙwayoyin jijiya. A wannan mataki, maganin miyagun ƙwayoyi yana nufin kawar da alamun cututtuka:
- Vasoactive, maganin kashe zafi.
- Magunguna masu dauke da Ca (calcium).
- Antihistamines.
Acupuncture, Magnetic da electrotherapy suna ba da sakamako mai kyau.
Jiyya a mataki na biyu magani ne, ta amfani da kwayoyi masu dauke da calcium.
Osteochondrosis a cikin ƙananan baya, aji 3
A mafi wuya da wuya mataki a jiyya da kuma bayyanar cututtuka, tun a wannan lokaci protrusions da intervertebral hernias bayyana. Abin da ke sama yana hade da lalata zoben fibrous. Ana bayyana alamun bayyanar cututtuka, mai haƙuri yana fama da ciwo mai tsanani da kuma spasms, lumbar osteochondrosis zuwa wannan yanayin yana nuna raguwa a cikin motsi na vertebrae a cikin yankin lumbosacral da kuma farawar matsaloli a cikin gabobin ciki.
Yaya osteochondrosis ke bayyana a cikin ƙananan baya?
Alamun osteochondrosis a cikin sacrum da lumbar yankin suna bayyana musamman ta zafi daban-daban na tsanani da yanayi. Aching, farawa bayan dogon zama a cikin matsayi mara kyau, kaifi (lumbago), gyara mutum a cikin matsayi mafi ban mamaki (yawanci lankwasa gaba). Ciwo shine sakamakon tsinke tushen jijiya, haushin jijiyoyi na kashin baya, kumburin ligaments da tsokoki.
Radiculopathy yana faruwa saboda:
- Myelopathy matsa lamba (matsi na kashin baya).
- Stenosis (narrowing) na arteries da veins (matsi-vascular myelischemia).
- Raunin kashin baya saboda raunin jini.
Irin wannan ciwo yana tasowa saboda herniation ko protrusion na intervertebral disc, spondylolisthesis (slipping na vertebra), overgrowth na guringuntsi da kuma kashi nama. Ƙarshe, haɗuwa da duk dalilai yana haifar da ƙananan ƙananan tashar tashar da tasoshin da jijiyoyi ke wucewa. Tare da duk wani motsi mara nasara, an ɗora su, wanda aka nuna ta hanyar bayyanar cututtuka: lokacin da tsarin jijiya ya lalace, zafi yana faruwa, lokacin da jini ya lalace, ischemia yana faruwa a cikin sashin da ke ciyar da su.
Tushen matakan warkewa
Yadda za a bi da lumbar osteochondrosis? Da farko dai, duk maganin yana nufin kawar da ciwo, shakatawa tsokoki, kawar da kumburi da kumburi, kuma mafi mahimmanci, kawar da dalilin, saki tushen jijiya lokacin da aka tsunkule. Zai fi kyau a fara magani tare da alamun farko; magungunan da aka yi amfani da su ba tare da izinin likita ba, ba shakka, na iya sauƙaƙa ciwo, amma ba za su iya kawar da dalilin da sake dawowa da cutar gaba daya ba.
Duk magungunan suna da tsauraran matakai don amfani, mita da tsawon lokacin gudanarwa. Sau da yawa, bayan ya kawar da ciwo mai zafi, mutum ya manta game da matsalar kuma ya daina shan magunguna. Duk da haka, akwai magungunan da suka fara aiki bayan 'yan watanni (chondroprotectors), don haka mako-mako ko ma wata-wata ba zai ba da wani sakamako ba. Bugu da ƙari, ciwo mai tsanani wani lokaci yana buƙatar allura ko shinge, wanda ba za a iya yi a gida ba.
Don jin zafi a cikin m lokaci, hanya shine kamar haka:
- Kwanciyar kwanciya.
- Magunguna. Yawancin NSAIDs, waɗanda ke sauƙaƙe zafi lokaci guda kuma suna rage kumburi.
- Magunguna na gida. Aiwatar da fata a yankin da abin ya shafa.
- Masu shakatawa na tsoka. Yana kawar da kumburin tsoka.
- Maganin warkewa (injections).
Bayan m lokaci ya wuce, duk kokarin da aka yi nufin samar da tsoka gyara da kuma stimulating sake farfadowa matakai. Ana nuna motsa jiki, tausa, reflexology. An rubuta:
- Magungunan Chondroprotective waɗanda ke haɓaka dawo da gurɓataccen guringuntsi.
- Magungunan angioprotective waɗanda ke inganta haɓakar jijiyoyin jini.
- Vitamins (allura) da ma'adanai, musamman gr. B da Ca, wanda ke inganta yanayin ƙwayar kashi.
- Diuretics (Allunan ko allurai, cire ruwa mai yawa kuma kawar da kumburi).
- Immunomodulator kwayoyi.
Hanyoyin physiotherapeutic suna da sakamako mai kyau a cikin maganin osteochondrosis; suna kawar da kumburi da kumburi, rage zafi, ƙarfafa gyaran tsoka da zagayawa na jini. Ana amfani da hanyoyin physiotherapeutic masu zuwa:
- Darsonvalization.
- Ultrasound da electrophoresis.
- Laser radiation.
- Magnetic far da thermal hanyoyin.
Mafi kyawun zaɓi don lumbosacral osteochondrosis shine jiyya a cikin sanatorium, inda za a aiwatar da cikakken kewayon duk matakan warkewa da suka dace bisa ga ganewar asali. Don sake dawo da aikin motar gaba daya a cikin yankin lumbar, ana buƙatar farfadowa mai kyau na nama, kuma wannan yana faruwa a cikin watanni 5-6, idan an bi duk umarnin likita.
Hanyar motsa jiki na motsa jiki zai taimaka maka murmurewa
A farkon bayyanar lumbar osteochondrosis, motsa jiki mai sauƙi yana taimakawa. Ayyukan motsa jiki na motsa jiki, in babu manyan raunuka na tsari, na iya dawo da kowane mutum a kan ƙafafunsa. Ayyukan da aka ba da shawarar don matsalolin lumbar sune daidaitattun, amma har yanzu ana tattaunawa tare da likita bayan cikakken nazarin mai haƙuri. Ba a koyaushe ana nuna motsa jiki ba; wani lokacin ma suna iya haifar da lahani idan kun fara yin su a lokacin da bai dace ba.
Don hana osteochondrosis na lumbar, kuna buƙatar yin motsa jiki lokaci-lokaci don ƙarfafa tsokoki na baya. Ana yin dukkan atisayen a hankali, ba tare da firgita ba:
- Matsayin farawa: kwance akan ciki. Ba tare da amfani da hannayenku da gwiwoyi ba, ɗaga ƙafafunku madaidaiciya gwargwadon yiwuwa. Maimaita motsi sau 10.
- Matsayin farawa: kwance akan baya. Ka ɗaga ƙashin ƙugu sama kuma ka tsaya a wannan matsayi na ƴan mintuna.
- Matsayin farawa: kwance akan baya. Ɗaga ƙafafunku kuma yada su kai tsaye zuwa tarnaƙi, komawa zuwa wurin farawa. Maimaita - sau 12.
Ayyukan da ke ba ku damar shimfiɗa tsokoki da haɗin gwiwa na ƙananan baya suna da matukar amfani wajen hana cutar. Ana yin su a hankali, ya kamata a shimfiɗa ligaments a ƙarƙashin ɗan matsa lamba kuma a hankali. Lokacin yin motsa jiki, ba kwa buƙatar yin ƙoƙarin wuce gona da iri; ingancin, ba adadin maimaitawa ba, yana da mahimmanci a nan:
- Matsayin farawa: kwance a baya, kafadu da aka danna zuwa kasa, makamai zuwa gefe. A hankali juya kafafun ku a gwiwoyi zuwa gefe, komawa zuwa wurin farawa, sa'an nan kuma motsa su zuwa wata hanya. Tsokoki na baya suna annashuwa, maimaita sau 3.
- Matsayin farawa: kwance akan baya. Danna ƙafar dama zuwa kirjin ku kuma a lokaci guda karkatar da kan ku zuwa gare shi, kafadun ku sun rage a ƙasa. Miƙe sama kuma maimaita tare da kafar hagu.
- Matsayin farawa: tsaye akan duk hudu. Ƙunƙarar tsokoki na ciki suna annashuwa, ƙananan baya yana buƙatar lanƙwasa ƙasa, sa'an nan kuma tsokoki na ciki sun ja da baya kuma su lanƙwasa ƙasa zuwa sama.
Yana da mahimmanci a tuna cewa ba za a iya yin kowane motsa jiki ba idan ƙananan ciwon baya ya faru. Sa'an nan kuma an jinkirta tsarin aikin motsa jiki na dan lokaci kuma ana ci gaba da kula da ra'ayin mazan jiya, da nufin kawar da ciwo da kuma maido da aikin ligaments, tsokoki, jijiyoyi da jini a cikin yankin lumbar.